马尾松木荷混交林林分结构和土壤肥力研究

对马尾松木荷混交林与马尾松纯林林分生长、径阶分布及土壤理化性质研究表明 :马尾松与木荷以 2∶1比例行状混交 ,马尾松生长快 ,林分各径阶呈正态分布 ,林分生产力高、结构稳定。马尾松木荷混交林不仅提高土壤通透性和蓄水性 ,促进土壤良好结构形成 ,而且增加土壤养分含量 ,改善土壤肥力状况     

昆明金殿国家森林公园双乳山景区森林景观改造

针对昆明金殿国家森林公园双乳山景区针叶树多、阔叶树少 ,树种单一的现状 ,根据景区功能 ,有针对性地选择乡土阔叶树种和其它一些有特色的园林植物 ,对景区景观进行改造 ,以改变现有森林的树种结构 ,提高森林景观的观赏价值 ,吸引更多游客前来旅游休闲     

菜阳河自然保护区两栖爬行动物调查报告

2 0 0 0年 5 6月对云南省思茅菜阳河省级自然保护区两栖爬行动物多样性进行了调查。调查结果表明 :菜阳河自然保护区共有两栖爬行动物 89种。其中 ,两栖类 39种 ,隶属于 2目 6科 18属 ;爬行类 5 0种 ,隶属于 3目17科 41属。属于国家Ⅰ级重点保护的种类有 2种 ;Ⅱ级重点保护的种类有 5种 ;云南省省级保护动物 3种 ;列入云南省“三有”动物的 10种。结合调查结果 ,对菜阳河自然保护区提出了进行功能区划 ,分区管理 ,以及严格管理农药的使用等两方面的建议。     

Factors affecting a sheep vegetation management system in British Columbia, Canada

A silvopastoral agroforestry system involving sheep is an important silvicultural issue. We examined the factors that affect the continuation or discontinuation of sheep vegetation management (SVM) in British Columbia. A questionnaire was used to conduct interviews with a randomly selected sample of contractors and farmers who were involved in SVM in British Columbia (BC). Based on a stepwise discriminant analysis, we found that the profitability of SVM, and the practitioners' commitment (number of ewes owned by the farmer or contractor), experience (number of years the farmer or contractor has practiced SVM on public lands in BC) and trust or confidence (number of years the farmer or contractor has consistently worked for the landlord) contributed to the farmer's or contractor's continuation or discontinuation of SVM practice. The factors we defined seemed to be validated (corroborated) by a complex of determinants voiced by various experts concerning the relationship between SVM and the forestry economy in BC, the scale of sheep farming in BC, the relative absence of an agricultural infrastructure to support sheep farming in BC, and the continuity of SVM from year to year. Further investigation into these factors and others is required to advance our understanding of SVM in British Columbia. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

南方经济林经营管理策略

根据南方经济林生产现状,分析了南方经济林生产与管理中存在的问题,结合国内外市场对经济林产品需求,提出了保障南方经济林健康,稳定,持续发展的经营管理策略。     

国外松枯梢病的松色二孢菌9个菌株生物学特性的研究

对来自不同发病程度，不同地点的国外松枯梢病松色二孢菌的９个菌株的生产，产孢等生物学特性进行了研究。结果表明，各菌株生长的最适温度为２５－３０℃，ＰＨ值为６－７，相对湿度为９０％以上；９２４５、Ｈ２１二菌株对湿度在培养其中加入１‰的硼对各菌株的生长和产孢有不同程度的抑制作用，尤以抑制产孢最明显，表现出硼对国外枯病的发生，发展有一定的控制作用。     

亚热带常绿阔叶林涵养水源效能的研究

以湖南省会同县一块常绿阔叶林为对象，对其林地土壤水分的物理特征、枯枝落叶层的持水特征、土壤水分的下渗特征、降雨雨滴的大小分布及降雨动能特征等进行了测定分析，结果表明，常绿阔叶林生态系统对减少雨水对土壤的侵蚀、涵养水源具有重要的作用．     

Apiculture and forestry (bees and trees)

Honey bees are found associated with forests globally. Flowers of forest trees provide subsistence for honey bees and the trees physically provide shelter for a swarm or bee hive. Forest management and beekeeping have each had a long history both in the United States and globally, but have seldom been integrated or studied in a systematic fashion. Purposeful plantings of trees, as in agroforestry systems, could be designed to favor bee forage or hive protection.Tree growing and beekeeping can easily be combined for several reasons. Both are sustainable on land that is hilly or otherwise less desirable for other agricultural purposes. Both require labor intermittently, and can be sustained while the grower/beekeeper is busy with other farming occupations. Bee hives require very little space, while the bees themselves can forage in a radius of 4 to 5 km. Hives may be located within or near a tree plantation, and utilize both the trees and surrounding other flowering plants for forage. Combining forestry and beekeeping provides annual honey bee products (e.g. honey, beeswax) to supplement income from a landowner's long term forest managements. In areas like Kentucky, where more than half of the forest landowners own 4 ha or less of commercially valuable woodland, it is important to produce economic benefit from those lands without harvesting all the trees. Combining bees and trees is one way of accomplishing this goal. This paper addresses several important known bee-tree interactions which need more systematic study.     

四川省薪材资源评价及分区

薪材在农村能源中占有重要地位,目前全省薪炭林面积71万公顷,森林能源每年合理提供量为904.5万吨标准煤,而实际消费量为1895.8万吨标准煤,消费量是合理提供量的2.1倍,薪材供需矛盾尖锐。预测2000年全省薪材需求量为2184.8万吨标准煤,尚需发展30万公顷薪炭林。为了宏观指导农村能源建设,在分析现状和进行需求预测后,将全省薪材资源划分为4个大类和13个类型区,分别阐述了各区特点和解决途径,最后对我省农村能源发展的重点和措施提出了指导性原则。     

Multiscale spatial variation of the bark beetle Ips sexdentatus damage in a pine plantation forest (Landes de Gascogne,Southwestern France)

Bark beetles are notorious pests of natural and planted forests causing extensive damage. These insects depend on dead or weakened trees but can switch to healthy trees during an outbreak as mass-attacks allow the beetle to overwhelm tree defences. Climatic events like windstorms are known to favour bark beetle outbreaks because they create a large number of breeding sites, i.e., weakened trees and for this reason, windthrown timber is generally preventively harvested and removed. In December 1999, the southwest of France was struck by a devastating windstorm that felled more that 27 million m³of timber. This event offered the opportunity to study large-scale spatial pattern of trees attacked by the bark beetle Ips sexdentatus and its relationship with the spatial location of pine logs that were temporally stored in piles along stand edges during the post-storm process of fallen tree removal. The study was undertaken in a pure maritime pine forest of 1300 ha in 2001 and 2002. We developed a landscape approach based on a GIS and a complete inventory of attacked trees. During this study more than 70% of the investigated stands had at least one tree attacked by I. sexdentatus  . Spatial aggregation prevailed in stands with n≥15$n\ge 15$ attacked trees. Patches of attacked trees were identified using a kernel estimation procedure coupled with randomization tests. Attacked trees formed patches of 500–700 m² on average which displayed a clumped spatial distribution. Log piles stemming from the sanitation removals were mainly distributed along the large access roads and showed an aggregated spatial pattern as well. The spatial relationship between patches of attacked trees and log pile storage areas was analyzed by means of the Ripley’s statistic that revealed a strong association at the scale of the studied forest. Our results indicated that bark beetle attacks were facilitated in the vicinity of areas where pine logs were stored. The spatial extent of this relationship was >1000 m. Similar results were obtained in 2001 and 2002 despite differences in the number and spatial distribution of attacked trees. The presence of a strong “facilitation effect” suggests that log piles should be removed quickly in order to prevent outbreaks of bark beetles.